In which situation does a patient automatically give up the right to confidentiality?

When a patient sues a physician, it creates a legal context where the patient's medical records and treatment may become relevant to the case. In a lawsuit, the patient essentially puts their medical history and treatment under scrutiny, which means they cannot assert the right to confidentiality regarding those specific medical records. This situation is often described as "waiving" confidentiality, as the patient has taken legal action that necessitates disclosing information that would otherwise be protected.

In contrast, having a sexually transmitted disease, a terminal illness, or choosing another physician does not automatically change the status of the patient's confidentiality. These circumstances do not create a scenario where the patient relinquishes their rights to privacy regarding their medical information, as confidentiality remains intact unless the patient actively participates in a legal action that challenges it.