What is a collection of records created and stored on a computer called?

The correct answer, "Database," refers to a structured collection of records that are stored on a computer, designed for easy access, management, and updating of data. Databases organize information in a way that allows users to efficiently retrieve and manipulate data. They can handle large volumes of information and maintain relationships between different data entries, which is critical for applications in various fields, including healthcare.

In contrast, the other options do not specifically capture the organized, structured nature of a database. A file system is more about the way files are organized and managed on a storage device, and while it can include various types of files, it doesn't provide the relational database features. A repository typically refers to a centralized place where data is stored and maintained but does not imply the specific structure or management systems that databases have. Information storage is a broader term that could encompass any method of storing data but lacks the specific context and functionality associated with a database.