What is the term for a condition involving one ear?

The term that refers to a condition involving one ear is "monoaural." In medical terminology, "mono" signifies one, while "aural" pertains to the ear. Thus, "monoaural" specifically describes conditions, tests, or phenomena that are limited to a single ear.

"Unilateral" also means one-sided and is often used to describe conditions affecting one side of the body. Although “unilateral” could apply to ear issues, it is a broader term that can refer to any single-sided condition, not exclusively to the ear. Therefore, while "unilateral" is related, "monoaural" is the more precise term for ear-specific conditions.

"Binaural," on the other hand, refers to both ears. It indicates involvement or contrast between two ears, which negates the one-ear focus needed in the question.

"Auditory" pertains to the sense of hearing more generally and does not specifically indicate involvement of one ear or two ears. This word encompasses all aspects related to hearing, without isolating the condition to one ear.

In conclusion, “monoaural” is the most accurate term when describing a condition that focuses exclusively on one ear.